The Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) is part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys program, which is designed to collect data on fertility, family planning, and maternal and child health. The 2002-2003 IDHS follows a sequence of several previous surveys: the 1987 National Indonesia Contraceptive Prevalence Survey (NICPS), the 1991 IDHS, the 1994 IDHS, and the 1997 IDHS. The 2002-2003 IDHS is expanded from the 1997 IDHS by including a collection of information on the participation of currently married men and their wives and children in the health care. The main objective of the 2002-2003 IDHS is to provide policymakers and program managers in population and health with detailed information on population, family planning, and health. In particular, the 2002-2003 IDHS collected information on the female respondents’ socioeconomic background, fertility levels, marriage and sexual activity, fertility preferences, knowledge and use of family planning methods, breastfeeding practices, childhood and adult mortality including maternal mortality, maternal and child health, and awareness and behavior regarding AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections in Indonesia. The 2002-2003 IDHS was specifically designed to meet the following objectives: Provide data concerning fertility, family planning, maternal and child health, maternal mortality, and awareness of AIDS/STIs to program managers, policymakers, and researchers to help them evaluate and improve existing programs Measure trends in fertility and contraceptive prevalence rates, analyze factors that affect such changes, such as marital status and patterns, residence, education, breastfeeding habits, and knowledge, use, and availability of contraception Evaluate achievement of goals previously set by the national health programs, with special focus on maternal and child health Assess men’s participation and utilization of health services, as well as of their families Assist in creating an international database that allows cross-country comparisons that can be used by the program managers, policymakers, and researchers in the area of family planning, fertility, and health in general.